Monopolar (or referential) montages are channels in which one electrode (usually the active, but that’s not necessarily true) is placed over an active EEG site on the head. Bipolar (or sequential) montages are channels in which BOTH active and reference electrode are placed over active EEG sites. T3/A1 has one electrode over a head site […]

Sites on the Scalp and Cortical Functions The Brain-Trainer approach uses the standard international 10-20 system that neuroscientists and neurologists use. This system is basically an address book to find specific locations on the scalp and the brain function that can be detected at that site. The 10-20 sites are, in turn, located on larger […]

Filtering and Processing In the Brain-Trainer system we split attention into two groups that are ends of a continuum: Filtering and Processing. Processing and Filtering are the two categories we use to cover what is commonly called ADHD. Filtering people can’t manage the interface between the outside world and their inside world. They are easily […]

Alpha peak frequency is the dominant frequency in the range. For example, if you looked at bars on the power spectrum in the alpha range, the bar that was tallest would be the peak frequency. This is another way of looking at level of activation. Alpha peak frequency should be around 10Hz (especially in the […]

Frontals The pre-frontal is the part that lies behind the forehead.  Everything from the central sulcus, which runs from ear to ear across the middle of the central sensory motor strip, to the very front of the head is frontal lobes–about half the cortex.  The PFC (pre-frontal cortex) is the executive center of the brain, […]

Graphing and Charting versus Real Life Most people want to become less anxious, or pay attention better, or sleep more effectively, or stop obsessing over things or whatever. If they are showing better average scores in their sessions, but those things aren’t changing, do you really think you can convince them the training is “working”? […]

Brain-Trainer Approach The Brain-Trainer approach is more than just a full-brain workout. It is a unique and important way of understanding the brain’s electrical habits of being and how to shift those for optimal performance.

Tone Tone, as used in the TQ Assessment, refers to autonomic tone and relates to emotional stress building over a significant period of time, resulting in disruptions of the autonomically-mediated functions of the body, as well as relatively ongoing levels of anxiety or depression. It’s important not to confuse the Tone category, which does include […]

Cingulate Daniel Amen’s term “hot cingulate” relates to a cingulate where there is a lot of very fast activity (generally beta and/or high-beta which are significantly stronger at Fz than at F3 and F4 (or Cz than C3 and C4). Again, theta would not be included. In the TQ, we use an approach developed by […]

Overview of the Brain’s Electricity This section explores what electrical frequencies are, plus neurofeedback terminology that is related to frequencies. About the Brain’s Electricity Each brain develops what we could call stable activation patterns–basically energy habits.  Using the right hemisphere to do left hemisphere tasks, establishing very sensitive warning systems, locking functions together instead of […]